Well pump



Dec- 29, 1936- J. c. SHA1-FER ET AL 2,065,541

WELL PUMP Filed April 29, 1955 5 'Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS TTORNEY 1 1 5. QU: n

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Dea 29,' 1936. J. c. sHAFl-'ER ET AL WELL PUMP' Filed April 29, .1935

De@ 29, 1936 J. c. sHAFFER ET Al. 2,065,541' l WELL PUMP Filed April 29, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 T EN- 12-@ J. c. SHAFFER Er A1.l 2,065,541

Dec. 29, 1936.

WELL PUMP Fiied April '29, 1955 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 29, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WELL PUMP John C. Shaffer and Tex.; said Robert E.

RobertI E. Lee, Coleman, Lee, assis-nor to Margaret 12 Claims.

This invention relates to uid lift pumps and it has particular reference to new and useful improvements in pumping apparatus designed especially for oil eld work.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a fluid pump designed to operate in a well and is so constructed as to provide for greater capacity with little -or no increase in the power required for its operation. Moreover, the

peculiar design of the apparatus is. such as to lend materially to smoothness of performance over conventional types of uid elevating apparatus.

Another object of the invention is to provide a.

l5 valve assembly cooperating with the pump plunger in such manner as to reduce to the minimum the friction usually present in most types of pump units whereby to increase materially the volume of fluid displaced and which feature is instrumental in relieving the strain upon the Vsurface equipment and consequently is a. factory in minimizing the amount of power required to actuate the pump, particularly since the pump is so designed that the weight of the pump rod assembly is utilized in eiecting fluid displacement.

Another object of the invention is to simplify the valve arrangement of the pump by reducing the number of valves ordinarily required to handle the fluid and by associating them in such manner that they may be readily accessible for assembling and disassembling the structure as well as to handle the uid .in the most effective manner. Yet another object of the invention is to provide a pump plunger which does not require the usual cups and is therefore capable of operation for longer periods of time since the passage -of sand entrained in the fluid will have little effect in rendering the plunger inoperative or reducing its eectiveness. jMoreover, the invention aims to provide a novel means for eiecting connection and disconnection of the pump rod Y asembly to the pump plunger, Without requiring that the latter be withdrawn from the well.

Another object `of the invention is to provide through a novel valve assembly, a hollow piston and piston rod, a doube acting` fluid and liquid pump where both the up stroke and the down stroke are utilizedfor effective'uid dislacement, and due tothe comparatively large concentric chambers surrounding the moving parts of the pump, much greater fluid capacity is obtained. Yet another object of the invention is to pro- (cl. 10s-155) parts which will become manifest as the descrip- 10 tion proceeds, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:-

Figure 1 is a vertical section through the upper portion of( a pump constructed according to the present invention and which is broken to 15 show extension.

Figure 2 is a continuation of Figure 1 showing in vertical section the lower portion of the apparatus.

Figure 3 is a vertical section of a modified 20 form of valve structure which may substitute for' that shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary View of the valve structure shown in Figure 3, showing the valve in displaced position during indrawing of the 25 uid.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of per se with portions broken away.

Figure 6 is a. transverse section on lines 6 6 on Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a transverse section on lines 1 1 on Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a detail viewof the lower end of the pumprod assembly.

Figure 9 is a view of an element carried by( 35 the upper end of the plunger rod and cooperating with the device shown in Figure 8 to eect connection and disconnection of the pump rod with respect to the plunger.

Figure 10 is a vertical section through the upper 40 portion of the double acting pump which is a modification of Figures 1 to 9 inclusive.

Figure 1l is a continuation of Figure 10 showing inyvertical section the intermediate portion of the modified pump. 45

AFigure 12 is a vertical section of the lowermost end of the modiied pump structure.

Figure 13 is a detail view in perspective of one of the valves employed in the modied structure, showing a. portion broken away to illustrate the 5o uid passage. i

Figure 14 is a transverse section on lines M-M on Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a transverse-section on lines iS-Ii onFigure13. if.

the valve Figure 16 is a transverse section on lines I 6-I 6 on Figure 12.

Figure 17 is a fragmentary view of the body of the pump showing the valve in elevation as illustrated in Figure 13.

Figure 18 is a fragmentary view of the body of the pump showing a group of valves and their relationship with the plunger rod.

Figure 19 is a transverse section on Figures 19-19 on Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a detail View of the lower valve shown in Figure 11 and Figure 21 is a detail view of the lowermost valve assembly shown in Figure 12. Y

Continuing with a more detailed description of the drawings, I designates the tubing assembly to which is connected by means of the collar 2 the pump cylinder 3. This cylinder may be of any desired length, depending upon the length of the stroke of the plunger or piston 4, shown broken in Figures 1 and 2. Threaded into the plunger 4 is a rod 5, whose upper end is shaped in a manner shown in detail in Figure 9.

Referring specifically to Figures 8 and 9, illustrating the connection between the rod 5 and pump rod 6, it will be noted that the lower end of the rod 6 is shaped to define a head comprised of a series of flexible ngers 1, beveled at a. It will be understood that the pump plunger remains enclosed within the cylinder 3 and is not removed except when the tubing assembly is withdrawn from the well, the elements shown in Figures 8 and 9 being effective in affording a means of connecting the plunger with the pump rod assembly. When the rod assembly is lowered into the tubing, the head 1 on the lowermost section engages the beveled collar 8 and when the bevel a of the head strikes the beveled upper portion of the collar 8, the ngers are thus collapsed, allowing the head to be passed through the opening in the collar 8 and continued downward until the beveled portion a of the head engages the bevel b in the hollow upper end 9 of the pump rod 5. Further downward movement of the pump rod will cause the head 1 to enter the cavity I0 in the portion 9 of the plunger rod, whereupon the fingers 1 of the head will embrace the engaged cone shaped pin Il and will thereby be expanded. It is therefore obvious that 4the head 1 cannot escape from the cavity I0 of the plunger rod until the disconnected operation is carried out.

It will be noted in Figure 1 that the collar 8 is likewise beveled at c underneath and also, that the upper porton 9 of the plunger rod 5 is slotted at d. A key I2 is passed through these slots and through an opening in the pin II. The ends of the pin I2 are beveled at e, as shown particularly in Figure 9. When it is desired to disconnect the plunger from the pump rod 6, the latter is elevated until the beveled ends e of the pin I2 impinge the beveled surface c of the collar 8. When this occurs, the obvious result would be the movement of the pin I2 to the bottom of the slots b, thereby displacing the pin I I downwardly and out 'of its wedged relationship with the head 1. Further pull 'upon the rod 6 will again collapse the ngers of the head 1, allowing it to be pulled through the reduced portion of the member 9 and through the collar 8.

Providing a connection between the pump bary rel or cylinder 3 and the outer shell I3 is an interiorly and exteriorly threaded plug I4 shown in Figure 2 which has a depending skirt I5. This skirt has threaded upon its lower end a valve seat mounting I6, supporting a valve seat I1 on which rests a ball I8. The ball is embraced by the conventional cage I9. It will be observed also in Figure 2 that a fluid passage 20 in the plug I4 effects communication between the annular chamber 2| and the pump barrel or cylinder 3.

Another and similar passage 22 effects communication between the valve chamber 23 and the annular chamber 24 between the pump barrel 3 and outer shell I3.

Threaded to the lower end of the shell I3 is a valve chamber 25 and into the lower end of this chamber is threaded the plug 26 which is preferably beveled as shown. A perforated tube or strainer 21 is threadedly received in the end of the plug 26 and may be of any desired length. The plug 26 is so formed as to provide a mounting for the valve cage 28 in which a ball 29 rests upon a removable seat 30.

An expansion spring 28a. is disposed between the plunger 4 and a collar 28h, which is xed by interpositioning between sections of the pump barrel 3, similarly to the dispositionof the collar 8, or by set screws 29a, as shown. It will be observed, however, that this collar is open to the free passage of fluid. y

The spring 28h maintains a tension on the pump plunger, and is instrumental in overcoming the usual slackness in the pump rod assembly and assists the plunger in the assurance that maximum effectiveness is obtained on the down stroke of the pump plunger.

In operation, the upstroke of the plunger 4, which is of composition material, will createa vacuum in the annular chamber 2l and which will raise the valve 29 to permit fluid to enter the valve chamber 25 and which uid will pass upward through the passage 20 and illl the unoccupied space in the pump barrel 3 below the plunger 4. On the down stroke of the plunger 4, the fluid will reverse itself, return the valve 29 to closed position and due to the pressure imposed thereupon by the plunger, thev fluid will lift the valve I8 from its seat to fill the valve chamber 23 and will pass into the annular chamber 24 through the passage 22. It is obvious that continued actuation of the pump plunger 4 will build up the column of fluid in the annular chamber 24 to the surface through the tubing I which it enters from the annular chamber 24 by passing through the slots 24a in the pump barrel 3 which effects communication between the annular space 24 and the tubing l.

The peculiar construction of the assembly -just described is such that more space is provided for the reception and conveyance of fluid, consequently affording a pump of greater fluid capacity and, further, less constriction of fluid which enables the pump to handle .fluid with entrained sand more effectively than conventional types of pumps, with less wear upon the moving parts. Moreover, due to the long strokes of the pump plunger, there is less likelihood of creating objectionable emulsions which frequently are instrumental in holding the valves open and reducing the efilciency of the pump.

Referring now particularly to Figures 3 to I inclusive, showing a modified form of valve construction, it is pointed out that a plug 3l is threaded jointly to the pump barrel 32 and outer shell 33. The plug 3| has threaded into its lower end a perforated tube 34 and is recessed as at 35 to receive a valve 36 of peculiar construction, which will be described in detail presently. The

recess 35 continues in reduced diameter to provide a passage 31 through which uid travels upwardly when the pump plunger 38 is actuated.

The peculiar type of valve is shown in detail in Figure 5 and is preferably constructed of one piece of material. The upper or large portion of the valve has an annular groove 39 ln its periphery and which groove eiects communication between a series of relatively spaced fluid passages 46 in the upper portion of the plug 3| when the valve is seated as shown in Figure 3. These passages 40 e'ect .communication between the annular groove 39 of the valve and the annular space 4| between the pump barrel 32 and shell 33. The valve 36 has a series of longitudinally arranged passages 42 which extend entirely through the` ,head or enlarged portion of the valveand due to the apertures 43 in spaced relationship around the valve and within the annular groove 3|, communication is ha'd between the vertical passages 42 and the said groove 49 and consequently with the passages 40 in the plug 3|. An axial .passage 44 is provided in the reduced end of the valve 36, in the` upper end of which are apertures or passages 45. These latter passages are in communication with an annular groove 4.6 about the reduced lower end of the valve. An example of this arrangement is shown in Figure 7. When the valve 36 is in closed position as shown in Figure 3, all of the uid passages 45 are sealed off but when it is lifted by the vacuum created within the pump barrel 32 by the plunger 38, aidedv by the spring 4,1 below the valve, the valve moves to the position shown in Figure 4 which allows fluid to pass upwardly through the axial passage 44 and through the radial passages 45, intothe chamber 48, created by the upward displacement of the valve 36. When the valve is in this-position, fluid is permitted to continue upwardly "through the co-axial passages 42 andA into the pump barrel 32 below .the plunger 38. It will be noted in Figure -4 that the passages 40 are sealed oi by the valve itself andfit will be further noted that the valve'36.is limited in its upward movement by means of a split spring 49, situated in an annular recess around the walls of the chamber or recess 35. i In operation, on the up stroke of the plunger 38, uidis -drawn -into the valve chamber 48 through the passage 44, radial passages 45 and co-axial passages 42 into the pump barrel 32. The spring 41 aids the plunger 48 in displacing the valve by overcoming the point of. equalization of uid pressure in the annular groove 49 and the passages 40 as the valve moves past the communicating point of these passages.' Fluid is thus entrapped within the pump barrel 32 before the downstroke of the plunger 38 takes place. When this occurs, pressure on the valve head---willvniove the same downward against the resistance of spring 41, to the position shown in Figure 3, in which position, the longitudinally arranged passages 42 'are sealed off and the fluid has no alternative but-to pass through the passages 43 spaced radially around the valve head, thence into the sure into one or moreof the upper chambers and suspending the iluid thus displaced preparatory to its introduction into and conveyance through the tubing assembly by whichv the pump is suspended in-the well.

Figures 10, 11and'12 are continuationsof the double acting Vpump-and referring to Figure 10, it will be noted that the tubing assembly 50, fragmentarily shown, suspends the pump barrel 5| through the medium'of a collar 52. A tapered sleeve 53 Y.affords connection between the section of the pump barrel 5| and serves the joint purpose of providing a support for the shell 54 which denes the annular or concentric iiuid chamber The lower end of the shell 54 is interiorly threaded to receive the connection 56, which is in fact a valve mounting for the valve 51, shown iii-detail in Figure 13. To the lower end of the connection 56 is connected the threaded tubular member A,58 and into the lower member of this member 58 is threaded a bull plug 59, shown in Figure 12.

Referring again to Figure 10, it will be observed that the pump rod assembly 66 is provided with an expansible head 6| having a bevel a' at its top and a similar bevel b' at its bottom. A beveled ring 62 is ixed at the point of engagement 'passage 63 is provided through which passes the pump rod 66. The head 6| carried by the lower portion of the pump rod assembly 60 is guided into the recess in the upper end 64 ofthe pump plunger 65 by means of the bevel c interiorly of the upper end of the plunger 64. Within the cavity of the pump plunger 64 is reciprocatably mounted a member 66, shown in Figure 10, which is transversely apertured to receive a pin 61 having beveled Vends d' and under this member 66 is a spring 61 which is effective in urging lthe member 66 upward.

When the pump rod assembly is set down within the pump barrel 5|, the upper bevel of the co1- lar 62 `contacts the head 6| so that it will pass through the aperture in the collar and when the head engages the heads c' itis again compressed, toA again expand within the recess provided in the upper end of the stem65. When thus received, the tapered upper nd of the pin or member 66 expands the iingers of the head 6| outwardly against the inner walls of the stem to hold the same against displacement during reciprocation of the pump plunger 66.

The member 66`being transversely apertured to receive the pin 61, a slot 69 must be provided in the plunger 65 to receive this pin. Should it be desired to release the plunger from engage- Y `ment with the rod line assembly 66, 'it is necessary only to elevate .the aembLv to such point thatthe bevel d will come into contact with the beveled'undersurface of the collar 62, shown in the upper portion of Figure l10. The beveled upper end of the pin 66 will be thus withdrawn from the expandible vhead 6| of the -rod line 68, al-

-lowing the said head to contract and be thereby capable' of being withdrawn from 64 'of the plunger rod 65.

It will be noted in Figure 10 also that slots 'III e provided in the walls o f the pump. barrel 5| and which slots communicate with the annular chamber 55 designed by the shell 54. Immediately below these slots is a ring 1| which aiords a stop for the valves 12. These valves are arranged in a valve mounting'13 in radial relationthe upper end ship to the plunger rod or stem 85. The valve mounting 13 also provides a connection between the joints of the pump barrel 5l. A spring 14 is interposed between a shoulder of the valve mounting 13 and the upper end of the pump plunger 68. The spring 14 serves the important function of relieving the rod line 88 of side stresses on the downward stroke, since it as sumes the greater portion of the stress applied theretoby fluid pressure and prevents buckling to a maximum degree.

It will be observed in Figure 10 also that the lower end of the plunger stem 65 is threaded into the upper end of the plunger 88, the latter being hollow to denne a iluid chamber 14a. as shown in Figure 10. Referring to Figure 11, it will be noted that a continuation of the plunger stem 55 is threaded into the lower end of the hollow plunger 88 and this stem is likewise hollow or tubular but is referred to by the same reference character 85. This stem continues downward, through the valve 51 and is threaded into the upper end of a plug 15. The plug 15 is in turn threaded into a valve cage 18 which latter, at its lower end, receives tubular member 11'. The lower end of the tubular member 11 is threaded into a plate or disk 18 which has a series oi perforations about its central axis to receive an equal number of tubular valves 18. The 'tubular member 11 communicates with a chamber 88, as shown in Figure 12 which is closed by a buil plug 59 as mentioned previously.

The plate 18 has a skirt portion 8l which is machined to be smoothly received within the lower portion 58 of the pump body, as shown in Figure 12, and which plate and skirt portion is vertically movable within the said lower portion of the pump. p

A packing ring 82 is mounted in the upper portion of the plate 18 and is retained in fixed relation to the plate so that it will slide on the walls of the tubular member 58 comprising the lower portion of the pump body.

Before entering into the operation of the pump, attention is directed to the fact that the valve 51, as shown speciiically in Figure 13 is centrally apertured at 83 to provide for the passage therethrough of the tubular pump plunger rod 65. In axial relationship about this central aperture 88 are passages 84 which communicate with an annular recess 85 through the medium of passage 86. It will become known through th'e description of operation that the passages 84 communicate with the annular recess 85 and in turn with the annular passage 88 when the valve 51 is in the position shown in Figure 11 or on the down stroke of the pump plunger 88. The peculiar construction of the valve shown in Figure 13 provides for a reduced lower end 81 in which is provided an annular groove 88 which becomes intermittently alined with iluid passages 88 or rather with an annular fluid chamber 88 as shown in Figures 11 and 17.

Immediately below the valve 51 is a valve 8|, shown in detail and in closed position in Figure 20. While it may not be necessary for successful operation, a spring 82 normally urges the valve 2| to closed position. This valve is shown in Figure 11 open to the passage of iiuid.

The valve 51 is likewhe provided with a spring 83 which normally urges `the valve 51 to open position, aiding the plunger 58 to so actuate the valve.

In operation, iluid entering from the well through the apertures 84 of the lowermost tubular member 58 is received in the chamber 88 below the valve assembly 18, since these valves are in the open position shown in Figure 21 on the up stroke of the plunger 88, enabling the fluid to enter the chamber 88 through the ports 88, as shown by the arrows in Figure 21. It may be stated at this point that the iiuid entering the tubular member 58 has two courses in which to escape from the chamber into the upper regions of the pump. One is upwardly through the passages 88 and the other is downwardly through the valve 18, as explained, preparatory to being urged upwardly through the central passage de-l iined by the tube 11 in a manner to be presently explained.

The chamber 88 having been filled with nuid, the down stroke of the plunger 68 will eiIect downward movement of the plate 18 and iiuid pressure will urge the valve 18 to the closed position shown in Figure 12. Fluid from the chamber 88 is thus forced upwardly through the passage extending through the plunger stem 85, thereby lifting the valve 8l, as shown in Figure 11, against the resistance of spring 92. Fluid thus passing the valve 8| continues upward through the hollow stem 85 and into the chamber 18a within the plunger 88. From this chamber 14a, the ilud passes into the chamber dened by the tubular pump barrel 5i immediately surrounding the plunger stem 85, the latter being solid above the plunger. Fluid thus entering the pump barrel 5i raises the standing valves 12 grouped about the plunger stem 85 and is thus prevented from returning to a lower level upon reverse action of the plunger.

It has been stated previously that uid from the tubular member 58 is likewise capable of passing upwardly through passages 88, into the annular cavity 88. This is accomplished either by pump suction set up within the pump barrel or by well pressure. In this connection reference is made to the valve 51 which controls the fluid thus passing. It will be noted in Figure 13 that packing rings 88 surround the valve 81 to close olf the fluid between the valve and its chamber. These packing rings are shown in the detail view of the valve in Figure 13 but may be incorporated in the structure if it is found that such packing is necessary or desirable.

The foregoing describes the action of the fluid on the down stroke of the plunger andsince the iiuid thus 'displaced is now suspended in the pump by the valves 8l and the standing valve assembly 12, the up stroke of the pump plunger against the resistance ot the spring 14 will displace the valve 51 to the position shown in Figure 17, aided by the spring 83 below the valve 51. It will be noted in Figure 17 that the annular cavity 18 is open to the upward passage oi.' iluid from the chamber dened by the tubular member 58,' through the passage 88. Fluid is now permitted to be drawn by suction of the pump plunger into the chamber of the pump barrel 5I immediately below the plunger through the axial passages 84 extending through the valve 51 and iluid continues to be so drawn so long as the plunger continues upwardly. It will be particularly observed in Figure 10 that the plunger 88 is provided with a packing ring 81, maintaining a close iit between. the plunger and pump barrel 5|. As an aid in maintaining this condition, the threaded collar provides a connection between sections of the pump barrel and is apertured radially at 88 so as to expose the packing 81 to exterior iluld pressure within the shell 75 55. It will be understood that this structure may be reversed so that internal fluid pressure may act upon the packing. 'I'he structure lmay also be employed to seal oiI iluid at other' points in the assembly and particularly around the skirt 8| which slidingly engages the walls of the tubular member 58 to the lower end of the pump,- shown in Figure 12.

Upon the down stroke of the plunger 68, pressure is brought to bear on the iiuid within the chamber below the plunger. Obviously, this pressure will force the valve 51 to closed position as shown in Figure 11. The fluid then Vhas no way except to escape through the apertures or Passages 59 which eilect communication between the axial passage 84 and the annular cavity with which .the passages 85 communicate, as shown particularly in Figuresll and 17. The arrows in Figure l1 show the ow of the liquid upon the down stroke -of the plunger 58. 'I'he uid thusA displaced enters the annular chamber 55 defined by the shell 54 and as shown in Figure 10,

enters the pump barrel 5| through the slots |08, after which it rises -into the tubing assembly 50. The fluid last referred to commingles with the uid which has been displaced on the down stroke of the plungerthrough the hollow stem 65,

plunger 58, passages III in the plunger as shown in Figure l0, into the pump barrel 5| thence through-thestanding valve assembly |2.

From the foregoing it will be seen that eifective displacement is had both on the down as well as the up stroke of the plunger, makingfor greater capacity and more eihcient operation.

'I'he fact that the pump is provided with means by which the pump rod assembly GII may be connected and disconnected to the plunger stem 55, enables the pump to be constructed with conployed adds much to the capacity and eil'ective" centric chambers of greater diameter than the tubing string and this fact combined with the fact that larger and sturdier valves maybe emoperation of the apparatus. Manifestly, the construction shown is capable oi' considerable modification and such modiilcation as isconsidered within the scope and meaning of the appended claims is also considered within the spirit and intent of the invention.

What, is claimed is: Y l. A well pump including in combination with a tubing and pump ,rod assembly, a working barrel having a hollow plunger therein suspended by said rod assembly and having fluid passages communicating with the upper portion of said barrel, a shell surrounding said barrel dening an annular fluid chamber in communication with said barrel at a point above the operative range ofA said plunger, a iluid receiving chamber below said plunger, means tc effect communication between said plunger and said latter chamber, a compression valve in said latter chamber to effect elevation of uid through said-plunger on one strokeof said plunger, means to'elevate iluid into said barrel below said plungeron another stroke thereof preparatory to its transfer into said concentric chamber and separate valve, means in control of the fluid in its separateV courses.

2. A well pump including a working barrel and a hollow plunger, a shell surrounding said barrel dening an annular chamber having communication therewith, a iiuid receiving chamber supplying fluid to said barrel andV said annular chamber, a compression plate therein containing gravity and pressure controlled valves, tubular means effecting physical anduidal communication between said plate and plunger, separate valve means in control of the elevation of iluid through said tubular means and exterlorly thereof upon each cycle of operation of said plunger to effect re-association of uid in `said tubing assembly for ascension therein.

' 3. A well pump including a workingbarrel and a hollow plunger therein having iluid passages, a shell surrounding said barrel defining an annular chamber yin communication with said barrel above and below said plunger, a iuid receiving chamber below said plunger having iluid passages extending into said annular chamber, means in said receiving chamber and actuated by said plunger to eiect upward passage of uid into and through the uid passages therein and valve means in control of iluid rising through said plunger and said annular chamber.

-bularv element when said plunger .is actuated,

valve means Vin control of the uid above and below said plunger and means for diverting uid elevated through the interconnecting passages between said receiving and annular chambers for re-association `with that elevated through said plunger.

.5. A well pump including a working barrel and al hollow plunger therein, an annular chamber surrounding said barreland having communication therewith above and belowsaid plunger,

a chamber below-said .barrel for receiving iluidy from said well and having communication with said annular chamber, a valved plate reciprocably arranged in said receiving chamber, tubular means connecting said plate withsaid plunger whereby to .expel -uid from said chamber through said plunger when the latter isactuated,

and valve meansin Vcontrol of the iluid elevated in separate streams interiorly and exteriorlyof said plunger. l y

6. A well pump including a body of concentrically arranged tubular elements, suspended by a well tubing assembly and dening a working barrel and an annular chamber, a hollow, reciprocable plunger in said working barrel, means effecting communication between said working barrel and annular chamber above and below said plunger, a perforated chamber below said body for receiving fluid from said well, means in said perforated chamber for expelling fluid therefrom for elevation through said plunger and valve means above and below said plunger for passing and holding said fluid in suspension.

7. Apparatus for elevating uid from wells comprising a tubular body constructed to deilne a workingbarrel and an annular chamber, the latter communicating with saidworking barrel adjacent either end thereof, a chamber below and communicating with said annular chamber for initially receiving iiuid from said well. a` plunger having a iiuid passage therethrough, `carrying rel for receiving fluid from'the well, a valvedr plate therein, a tubular element connecting said plate and plunger whereby to be effective in forcing fluid from said chamber upward through said tubular element on one stroke of said plunger, a valve in said tubular element, valves above and below said plunger, and means surroundingsaid barrel, communicating with said barrel and 'receiving chamber into which a separate stream of fluid is diverted forre-association with said rst mentioned fluid by'alternate strokes of said y plunger.

' 9. Apparatus for pumping fluid from wells comprising aworking barrel and a hollow plunger therein, a chamber suspended below said barrel for receiving fluid from the well, a valved plate therein, a tubular element connecting said plate and plunger whereby to be effective in forcing uid from said chamber upward through said tubular element on one stroke of said plunger, a valve in said tubular element, and valve means above and below said plunger for suspending the column of iluid elevated by said plunger.

10. A well pump including a pump barrel and a hollow plunger, a shell surrounding said pump barrel and defining an annular iluid chamber, means effecting communication between said annular fluid chamber and said pump barrel above and below said plunger, a valve chamber, a

fluid receiving chamber communicating with said annular chamber through said valve chamber, valve means to admit fluid into said valve chamber preparatory to transferring said uid to said annular chamber upon reverse action of said plunger arid means also actuated by said plunger to force fluid from said receiving chamber through said plunger to be re-associated with said first mentioned fluid above said plunger and v alve means above and below said plunger for suspending the column of fluid elevated by said plunger.

11. A well pump including in combination with a tubing assembly, a pump barrel and a hollow plunger, an annular chamber surrounding said barrel and having communication with said tubing assembly, a perforated chamber below said annular chamber for receiving fluid initially from said well, a valve chamber into which fluid is initially drawn by suction created by said plunger preparatory to transferring the same to said annular chamber and said tubing assembly upon reverse movement of said plunger, means within said receiving chamber for forcing fluid upward when said plunger is actuated and tubular means connecting said latter means with said plunger through which fluid is passed through said plunger to be associated with uid entering said annular chamber in said tubing assembly.

12. In a well pump as described in claim 10, said valve means comprising a dlsplaceable shouldered and cylindrical body having axial and radial fluid passages, each being in intermittent communication with fluid inlet and outlet passages to effect passage Vand retention of fluid as said body changes positions.

JOHN C. SHAFFER. ROBERT. E. LEE. 

